Wednesday, May 1, 2013

Menge Baptisms in Soedel

One of the strategies we had in our recent drive to find Ernst Menge's baptism in Germany was to figure out what other family groups were associated with the Menge's and if possible, what other locations might also be associated with them.  So we decided to go through the list of children that WERE recorded for Johann Ernst Menge (the church elder) and his wife, Anna Catharina Riess.  Here's what we came up with:

  • 1713 Georg:  looks like the godparent was Georg Stoll.  It can be noted that Joh. Georg Stoll m. Anna Marg. Riess (b 4.12.1680, m 23.2.1702, d 12.7.1726), daughter of Clemens Riess, sister to our Anna Catharina
  • 1715 Henry:  looks like godfather was Joh. Henrich Roder, who was a son of Anton Roder, of Marlbach (or something like that)
  • 1718 Anna Margareta: looks like named for somebody named Anna Margareta from Machstadt (this place was different from Marlbach - ends in STATT)
  • 1727 Caspar: looks like named for Caspar Wohd.  
We're still doing research into these new names and places, but every little clue helps to paint the bigger picture!

George Summers and The Straw Church

One of the main records that helped us track our Sommer family was the obituary for George Summers in the St. James "Straw" Church in Greenwich, New Jersey in 1785.  That record told us about all of his married children, and even was kind enough to mention the place where he had come from.   Wonderful stuff.  But the internet being what it is, it's not enough to read these things - we find ourselves wanting to read the original records!

In my latest trip to the FHL, I was in hopes of finding such records, but again, found only transcriptions.  Curiously, one source (film 1029740) is a typed copy of the original church record, apparently done by the Easton Public Library in 1921 covering the years 1769-1865.  I found no Menge names and only two occurrences of the Summers name, one being the just-mentioned obituary.  It's interesting to note that there were pages of communicants and confirmations and so on, and yet the Sommer names does not appear.  Even though his obituary claimed he had been involved in the church for over 40 years, I didn't find much evidence of his involvement in the Straw Church in the church books.

The second source I checked (film 823737) contained the grave records for St. James Straw Church, 1771-1923.  The cover of this source said information had been copied from church records and the date on the cover was 1924.  The surprise is that the Summer name appears nowhere (yes, looking for various spellings).  So it would appear that even though George Summers' death was noted in the church records, he was not actually buried in the Straw Church Cemetery.  Of course, this could use more investigation, but one has to wonder if grandpa George wasn't buried on his farm in Oxford Township.....

Sommer's in PHL Lord's Supper Records

The Lord's Supper records have produced some interesting clues for our research, so I'd like to record some of those findings here.  But first let me give a little background about how we came upon these new records.

I have to give ancestry.com credit for continuing the effort to expand their database collection.  Just when we were feeling pretty satisfied with our findings of both Sommer and Menge families in Philadelphia church records, suddenly there were new hints showing up on ancestry.  They have recently brought a new database online called Pennsylvania, Church and Town Records, 1708-1985.  That database contains lists of people attending the Lord's Supper at the St. Michael's Zion and Lutheran Church (among other churches), and it has proven to be rather instrumental in helping us to narrow down the arrival dates and the birth years of our people because these new records show three important things about people who were attending the Lord's Supper:
  • how many years they had been in the country
  • number of children
  • current age
But there was also a last column of information in these records which we haven't been able to fully decipher.  When asked about it, the experts at the FHL thought the last column pertained to Current Place of Residence.  So with that, let's see what we have in a few key examples:

1759 - Johannes and Anna Eva Sommer - can't yet read the whole entry, but ends with mention of Frankfort
1762 - Maria Magdalena Sommer, 21, living with Johannes Sommer of Frankfort
1763 - Maria Magdalena Sommer, serving Mr. Hooks

For Johannes and Anna Eva, let me remind (myself mostly) that we're talking about the brother of our Johann Georg Sommer who also arrived on the ship Brothers in 1752.  Johannes and Anna Eva married in Germany and had at least two children there before coming to America.  The record mentioned above is one of several for the couple as it appears that they attended many Lord's Suppers.  We still haven't deciphered everything pertaining to them in these records, but the word Frankfort can be easily detected.  And then Frankfort appears again in the next record for Maria Magdalena.  What's that about?  Just when we think we have determined that our Sommer family is from Freistett, now they're from Frankfort?  Which is nowhere near where we thought they were from?

Ah, but this reference is not to Frankfort, Germany, it is to the borough of Frankford in northeast Philadelphia County.  The history of Frankford is itself quite interesting.  So now we know where one of the Sommer brothers was living.  (We have seen other reference that our grandpa Georg was living in Smithfield, a village in Moreland township.)

Now for the 1762 record for Maria Magdalena (MM).  We should take note here that if this is our Maria Magdalena, she is apparently living with her uncle.  Why wouldn't she be living with her parents?  There might be all kinds of reasons, but the question remains.  I would also like to make another reminder note that MM's age here is 21, and that age does not coincide with the age of the daughter that Georg and Anna Barbara had in Germany before emigration (see my previous post on this topic, Maria Magdalena and An Emerging Theory).

Finally for the 1763 record for MM.  This record definitely says she was SERVING Mr. Hooks.  The word "dienet" is colloquial for "to serve."  The FHL expert did not think that was necessarily indentured service, and he said it was common for young girls in Germany as well as in America to earn $$$ being a house servant.  As another side note, we don't know who Mr. Hooks was, but the Hooks name does show up in other PHL records.

And just one more thing to add about this topic.  What's with all these lists of people attending the Lord's Supper?  Lots and lots of people going to lots and lots of Suppers!  Well, ancestry has another source, a digitized book called "Persons Naturalized in the Province of Pennsylvania, 1740-1773".  On page 3 of that book it talks about the rules for being naturalized according to King George:  you lived in the colony for 7 years and did not leave the area during that time for longer than 2 months, and you had to produce Court Certificates that you had taken the sacrament of the Lord's Supper in a Protestant or Reformed church within the last 3 months, and all of this is before you could take the oath to become a citizen of Great Britain.  So there you have it.  Everybody who wanted to become a citizen of the New World was going to Supper!

Saturday, April 27, 2013

Strumpfmacher

The Menge family, both in Germany and early Philadelphia, were stocking-makers - Strumpfmacher.  For reference, I want to add this very interesting link on this topic.

Also the Soedel village genealogy has a cross-reference index by occupation.  Here are all the surnames associated with anything strumpf (strumpfmacher, strumpffabrikant, strumpfwirker, strumpfweber):

  • Christoph Conrad Bender, b 21.03.1727
  • Joh. Henrich Bender, b 17.06.1733
  • Joh. Martin Diehl Jr., b 13.03.1741
  • Johannes Jung, b 10.03.1753
  • Joh. Philips Klein, b 30.05.1719
  • Joh. George Menge, b 27.03.1713
  • Joh. Martin Diehl, b 03.12.1751
  • Joh. V. Vath Jr, b 16.10.1750
  • Joh. Martin der Altere Diehl, b 24.09.1727
  • Joh. Christoph Rohn, b 05.02.1730
ALL of these people were born in Soedel.  So it would appear to me that Soedel could support a whole lot of people making stockings! 

Friday, April 26, 2013

Finding Grandpa Ernst In Soedel

Finding focus is wonderful when it happens, isn't it?  For varying reasons, we've decided that it's time we try (again) to locate our 5th great grandpa, Ernst Menge, in Soedel with the family group we believe he belongs to, namely Johann Ernst Menge and his wife Anna Catharina Riess.  It's not like this question doesn't swim around in the back of our mind all the time, but we've never really had a plan for how to approach the problem.  So we came up with a plan and headed once again for Mecca (I mean Salt Lake City, of course).

So with the goal of finding a record for our Ernst Menge (either baptism or confirmation) in Germany, one that hopefully ties him to the family group we believe he belongs to, the plan was to:
  • sift through every Soedel church record carefully
  • sift through church records of surrounding parishes
  • ask for translation help of the old German script whenever possible
Well, I executed the plan over the course of two 12-hour days, and got nowhere.  I amassed a whole lot of information that got uploaded so my cousin and I can study in more depth later, hoping we can spot a clue that we missed initially.  But on first glance, we still could not place grandpa in Germany, never mind with his family group.

So I was set to go home, but then decided to stay just one more day. After all, I have folders of odds and ends that can be looked up at the FHL. I went into the library with nearly NO expectation, and headed for the International floor even though I really had no reason left to go there. Maybe it was my lack of agenda that allowed me to just casually approach the expert desk and ask them for help. I described our problem as succinctly as possible to somebody who really knows and cares about what they're doing. They gave me a couple of very constructive suggestions, one of which was to check the baptisms of Ernst's brothers' children. I had already done that for Henry but not for the brother who did not come to America, Georg. It turns out that Georg and his wife had twins who died almost immediately. Their baptism record is a bit complex and so all the experts at the expert desk pulled together and came to agreement about the following (rough) translation:
The father was Joh. Georg Menge and mother Elisabetha Catharina. They had a little son but it was weak and so there was an immediate baptism (emergency baptism). The sponsor was Ernst Christian Menge, the brother of the father and the unmarried son of the church elder (Kirch Senioris), Joh. Ernst Menge. At the end of the record is a Note Bene - saying there was another baby boy that came (the twin) and it was baptized by the midwife before it also died.

The gist of this appears to be that the sponsor and namesake of the first-born boy was our ancestor whose name was Ernst Christian Menge! I immediately told the experts that we found reference in PHL that our ancestor's name was Joh. Ernst Menge, but they all shrugged and said that doesn't mean much. The expert to whom I had explained our brick wall just looked at me and said "that's your ancestor".

How could we have missed this?  Partly, we might have been dealing with translation errors.  First the author of the Soedel village genealogy book correctly got the part about twins, but he entered one baby's name as Ernst and the other as Christian, which was incorrect.   Then familysearch created just one record for Ernst Christian Menge, son of Georg, when in fact there were twins born.   Clearly this record generated some degree of confusion all along the way.  But in any case, we clearly should have seen the name ERNST as a great big clue.

So there we have it. We might still wish for Ernst's baptism record but this baptism record of his twin nephews clearly identifies Ernst and his place in the family group. Why we can't find Ernst's own baptism record is still a question. We did find a couple of baptism pages at the end of 1728 and the start of 1729 that were torn and missing - maybe Ernst was in those missing pages? And we still suspect that Ernst might have been named for Joh. Ernst Christian Kreuter who has already been identified as having connections with the Menge and Riess families. Finally we still haven't found any German record for Ernst's older brother Johannes, supposedly born in 1722. Nevertheless I think we managed to achieve our overall goal this time around: to tie our Ernst Menge to the family group of Joh. Ernst Menge and Anna Catharina Riess.

Lessons learned?
  1. Don't be afraid (or too proud) to ask for help.  If you can state your issue in less than 5 minutes to somebody who is really listening and who has the skills to offer constructive advice, it's silly not to get a fresh perspective on something you think about even in your sleep.  Be open to every suggestion even when it seems like ground covered.  Try to see the problem as freshly and as detached as your expert listener does.  This alone is worth more than money.
  2. I can't say enough about embracing the obvious.  Every little detail that is sitting right in front of you should be carefully held in hand and examined minutely.  My mantra for everything I'm thinking is "how do I know that?"  And yet when the mountain of information starts to build, it quickly becomes harder to sort what you know and how you know it.  The mountain itself becomes what is obvious, but am I climbing it or falling over the edge?  Maybe just sitting on the mountain quietly can tell me what I want to know.  The sun is shining, the birds are singing, the trees sway in the wind.  Everything is right in front of me if I can just see it.  This is probably too philosophical for words, but the obvious can often be that way.
And as usual, cousin J was tuned in the whole time.  It's not like she has nothing else to do in her very full life, but she always finds time to reply, to support, to encourage, and to add insights from her own work, which she does secretly in the middle of the night.  It's hard to imagine doing this work on this family line without her.  I have my own curiosity driving me, of course.  But having cousin J as a research buddy has made it all a fun adventure.  Perhaps the truest gift in doing this work is finding such a friend.

So with this latest development, we have a new emerging picture of grandpa Ernst.  He was the youngest child, a stocking weaver, the son of a church elder, a godfather to his brother's dying babies when he himself was probably barely 20 years old.  He then crossed the ocean with his brothers, never to return again, married two women, fathered and adopted probably a score of children, became a tavern keeper, and then farmer who gave foodstuffs to Washington's Continental Army during the Revolution, finally dying over the age of 80 with quite a sizable estate of his own in Oxford Township, New Jersey.  Johann Ernst Christian Menge to Earnest Man.  What a life.  What a rich and wonderful life.....

Sunday, February 17, 2013

New Jersey Research

Maybe if I write this down in my blog, I will eventually get it into my thick skull.

1790, 1800, 1810, 1820

Unfortunately, these censuses in New Jersey were not saved for posterity. Before the counties were required to submit their census schedules, one supposes that they were locally processed to produce raw statistical output, were otherwise unappreciated, and were destroyed. The only thing that has survived is the 1800 Census for Cumberland County.

So maybe I will stop looking and looking and looking for something not there, and then when I do remember, maybe I can stop refusing to believe such a thing could be true.

Mann Families in New Jersey

Today I was going through trying to fill in some of the several gaps I have for the children of Ernest Mann and Maria Sommer.  I decided to start with Peter Mann, for whom I have no birth or death, two marriages, no children, and tons of questions.  So this lead me to some investigation which can be summarized here:

There is documentation on familysearch of two marriages for Peter Mann, one in 1810 to Mary Hummer, and one in 1813 to Mary Kerr.  There are two documents pertaining to the marriage of Peter and Mary Kerr, one stating that Peter was from Hardwick.  Other family trees claim this couple subsequently moved to Lawrence, IL.  And meanwhile, I believe the Peter Mann marriage to Mary Hummer is the one I'm looking for because the HUMMER surname has appeared in some of the land records pertaining to my Ernest Mann.  Thus, I believe there were TWO Peter Mann's in the Sussex area in this time frame, and I am looking for the Peter Mann who married Mary Hummer.

But this exercise brings to mind some important research that I've done in the past but my conclusions for which have remained only inside my own head!  When I first started doing Mann research in New Jersey, I acquired a copy of a book called Descendants and Ancestors of Adam Overpeck and Elizabeth Mann of Sussex & Warren, New Jersey, Bucks, Northampton, Pike & Bedford Counties in PA by Norris Philip Wood.  The pages related to Mann are few, but it describes descendants of Phillip Mann born about 1748 in Bucks County, PA.  Phillip purchased land in Knowlton, Sussex, NJ in 1757 and he also had a tavern license from 1777-1779.  Phillip's children were, apparently, Phillip Jr., Jacob, John, and George, some of whom moved to Hardwick twp.  George of Hardwick twp and his wife Anna had several children, the oldest being Peter Mann, born 30 Aug 1793.  So here is, I believe, the Peter Mann who married Mary Kerr in 1813. Whether this couple eventually moved to Illinois is yet to be determined.

My point is that I have studied this book until I am blue in the face (!) and have never been able to make a  clear connection to my Ernest Mann line.  This is not to say there isn't one.  It might be considered that our Ernest Mann came to America because he already knew family that had arrived earlier, and potentially that was Phillip Mann, although I must say I have not seen the name Phillip in any of the lineage of the Menge family from Soedel.  If there is a link between the the two families, it's not obvious.  More research could be done on this topic, but to be honest, I haven't made it a priority.

But I do want to share and acknowledge that there were most definitely more than one Mann family group in the Sussex area in the late 1700's and early 1800's, probably both of German origins and associated with Lutheran churches.  For my research, however, they are so far separate families.